Recombinant Human ACSL5, N-His

Description of Recombinant Human ACSL5, N-His

Introduction to Recombinant Human ACSL5

Recombinant Human ACSL5, also known as Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long-Chain Family Member 5, is a protein that plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism. It is a member of the long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase family, which catalyzes the formation of long-chain acyl-CoA from fatty acids and CoA. This protein is involved in the activation of fatty acids for energy production and lipid biosynthesis.

Structure of Recombinant Human ACSL5

The gene encoding for Recombinant Human ACSL5 is located on chromosome 10q25.2 and contains 17 exons. The protein is composed of 731 amino acids and has a predicted molecular weight of 83.6 kDa. It contains a conserved ATP-binding domain, an AMP-binding domain, and a long-chain fatty acid-binding domain. These domains are essential for the catalytic activity of the protein.

Recombinant Human ACSL5 is a membrane-bound protein that is primarily found in the endoplasmic reticulum of cells. It has six transmembrane domains and a cytoplasmic tail. The N-terminal region of the protein is responsible for its localization to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Activity of Recombinant Human ACSL5

Recombinant Human ACSL5 has a broad substrate specificity and can activate a variety of long-chain fatty acids, including saturated, unsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. It has a preference for fatty acids with 14-22 carbon atoms. The protein catalyzes the formation of a thioester bond between the fatty acid and CoA, which is essential for the transport and utilization of fatty acids in the cell.

Recombinant Human ACSL5 is also involved in the biosynthesis of complex lipids, such as triacylglycerols, phospholipids, and cholesterol esters. These lipids play critical roles in cellular processes, including energy production, membrane structure, and signaling pathways.

The activity of Recombinant Human ACSL5 is regulated by various factors, including hormones, dietary fatty acids, and cellular energy status. Hormones, such as insulin and glucagon, can regulate the expression and activity of the protein. Dietary fatty acids can also modulate the activity of Recombinant Human ACSL5 by altering its substrate specificity and localization.

Applications of Recombinant Human ACSL5

Recombinant Human ACSL5 has been implicated in various diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Dysregulation of lipid metabolism is a hallmark of these diseases, and Recombinant Human ACSL5 plays a crucial role in maintaining lipid homeostasis in the cell.

Studies have shown that Recombinant Human ACSL5 is upregulated in adipose tissue of obese individuals and contributes to the development of insulin resistance. Inhibition of the protein has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce adiposity in animal models of obesity.

Recombinant Human ACSL5 has also been linked to the development of cancer. Increased expression of the protein has been observed in various types of cancer, including breast, lung, and colon cancer. It is thought that the protein promotes cancer cell growth and survival by increasing the synthesis of lipids, which are essential for tumor growth.

In addition to its role in disease, Recombinant Human ACSL5 has potential applications in the production of biofuels. The protein has been shown to have high activity towards medium-chain fatty acids, which can be converted into biodiesel. Therefore, Recombinant Human ACSL5 could be used in the development of more efficient and sustainable methods for producing biofuels.

Conclusion

In summary, Recombinant Human ACSL5 is a crucial protein involved in