Recombinant Human PAICS Protein, N-His

Description of Recombinant Human PAICS Protein, N-His

Title: Introduction to Recombinant Human PAICS Protein

Recombinant Human PAICS Protein, also known as Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase and phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide synthase (PAICS), is a key enzyme in the de novo purine synthesis pathway. It is involved in the conversion of 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide (AIR) to 5-formamidoimidazole ribonucleotide (FAICAR), which is an essential step in the production of purine nucleotides. This protein has been extensively studied and has shown promising potential in various applications due to its unique structure and activity.

Title: Structure of Recombinant Human PAICS Protein

The recombinant human PAICS protein is a homodimer, meaning it is made up of two identical subunits. Each subunit consists of 485 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 53 kDa. The protein has a conserved domain known as the phosphoribosyltransferase (PRTase) domain, which is responsible for the enzymatic activity of PAICS. The PRTase domain contains two active sites, one for the conversion of AIR to FAICAR and the other for the conversion of FAICAR to 5-formamidoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (FAICAR). The crystal structure of recombinant human PAICS has been determined, providing valuable insights into its catalytic mechanism and potential for protein engineering.

Title: Activity of Recombinant Human PAICS Protein

Recombinant human PAICS protein has been shown to have high catalytic activity and specificity towards its substrates. It has a Km value of 2.2 μM for AIR and 0.7 μM for FAICAR, indicating a strong affinity for its substrates. The enzyme has a pH optimum of 7.5-8.5 and is active in the presence of divalent cations such as Mg2+ and Mn2+. Studies have also shown that the activity of PAICS can be modulated by various factors, including allosteric regulators and post-translational modifications, making it a versatile enzyme with potential for regulation.

Title: Applications of Recombinant Human PAICS Protein

The unique structure and activity of recombinant human PAICS protein make it a promising candidate for various applications in the field of biotechnology. One potential application is in the production of purine nucleotides, which are essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. The overexpression of PAICS has been shown to increase the production of purine nucleotides, making it a potential target for improving the yield of nucleotides in industrial processes.

Another potential application of recombinant human PAICS protein is in drug development. As PAICS is involved in the de novo purine synthesis pathway, it is a potential target for the treatment of diseases such as cancer and gout. Inhibitors of PAICS have been shown to have anti-proliferative effects on cancer cells, making it a promising target for the development of anti-cancer drugs. Additionally, mutations in the PAICS gene have been linked to the development of gout, making PAICS a potential target for the treatment of this disease.

Title: Recombinant Human PAICS Protein as an Antigen

Recombinant human PAICS protein has also been studied as a potential antigen for the development of vaccines. As PAICS is a conserved protein found in many organisms, it has the potential to induce a strong immune response. Studies have shown that immunization with recombinant PAICS protein can elicit a specific antibody response, making it a potential candidate for the development of vaccines against various diseases.

In conclusion, recombinant human PAICS protein is a versatile enzyme with a unique structure and activity. Its potential applications in the production of purine nucleotides, drug development, and as an antigen make it a valuable protein for further research and development. With ongoing studies and advancements in protein engineering, the potential of recombinant human PAICS protein in various