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AntibodySystem
Recombinant Proteins
Recombinant Human UBE2I/UBC9, also known as Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2I (UBE2I) or Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 9 (UBC9), is a recombinant protein that plays a crucial role in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. This pathway is responsible for the degradation of damaged or unwanted proteins in the cell, making UBE2I/UBC9 a key player in maintaining cellular homeostasis. In this article, we will discuss the structure, activity, and applications of this important recombinant protein.
UBE2I/UBC9 is a 158 amino acid protein with a molecular weight of approximately 18 kDa. It belongs to the family of ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2) and has a conserved catalytic domain known as the UBC domain. This domain is responsible for the transfer of ubiquitin from E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme) to the target protein.
The crystal structure of UBE2I/UBC9 has been determined, revealing a compact molecule with a central beta-sheet flanked by alpha-helices. The active site of UBE2I/UBC9 is located at the interface of the beta-sheet and the alpha-helices, and it contains a catalytic cysteine residue that is essential for its activity.
UBE2I/UBC9 is involved in the process of ubiquitination, which is the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to a target protein. This process is essential for the regulation of various cellular processes, including protein degradation, DNA repair, and cell signaling.
The activity of UBE2I/UBC9 is regulated by its interaction with other proteins. It forms a complex with an E1 enzyme and a ubiquitin ligase (E3), which recognizes and binds to specific target proteins. UBE2I/UBC9 then transfers ubiquitin from the E1 enzyme to the target protein, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.
Additionally, UBE2I/UBC9 has been shown to have non-canonical functions, such as the regulation of transcription factors and the formation of protein-protein interactions. These activities are independent of its role in ubiquitination and further highlight the importance of this protein in cellular processes.
Due to its crucial role in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, UBE2I/UBC9 has been studied extensively and has various applications in both research and therapeutic settings.
In research, UBE2I/UBC9 is used as a tool to study the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and its role in cellular processes. Recombinant UBE2I/UBC9 can be produced in large quantities and used in in vitro ubiquitination assays to investigate the activity of different E3 ligases or to study the effects of mutations on UBE2I/UBC9 function.
In the therapeutic field, UBE2I/UBC9 has been identified as a potential drug target for diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Inhibitors of UBE2I/UBC9 have been developed and tested in pre-clinical studies, showing promising results in reducing tumor growth and improving neurodegenerative symptoms.
Furthermore, UBE2I/UBC9 has been identified as a potential biomarker for certain diseases, as its expression levels have been found to be altered in various cancers and autoimmune disorders. This makes UBE2I/UBC9 a potential diagnostic tool for these diseases.
In summary, Recombinant Human UBE2I/UBC9 is a crucial protein involved in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Its structure and activity have been
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