CD317 Recombinant Protein

Description of CD317 Recombinant Protein

Introduction to CD317 Recombinant Protein

CD317, also known as BST-2 or tetherin, is a type II transmembrane protein that is expressed on the surface of various cell types, including immune cells and epithelial cells. It plays a crucial role in the immune response against viral infections and has been identified as a potential drug target for various diseases.

Structure of CD317 Recombinant Protein

The CD317 protein is composed of 180 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 30 kDa. It consists of a short N-terminal cytoplasmic tail, a transmembrane domain, and an extracellular C-terminal domain. The extracellular domain contains two cysteine residues that form a disulfide bond, which is important for the protein’s stability and function.

The crystal structure of CD317 has been determined, revealing a unique homodimeric structure with a long coiled-coil domain. This structure is essential for the protein’s ability to form a physical link between the viral particles and the host cell membrane, preventing their release and spread.

Activity of this protein

CD317 has been extensively studied for its role in the immune response against viral infections. It acts as a restriction factor by trapping newly formed viral particles on the surface of infected cells, preventing their release and spread to other cells. This makes it a crucial component of the innate immune response against viral infections.

In addition to its antiviral activity, CD317 has also been shown to play a role in regulating cell signaling and cell adhesion. It interacts with several proteins involved in these processes, including the Src family kinases and integrins, and can modulate their activity.

Application of CD317 Recombinant Protein

Due to its important role in the immune response against viral infections, CD317 has been identified as a potential drug target for various diseases. One of the most promising applications is in the development of antiviral therapies for HIV/AIDS. CD317 has been shown to restrict the release of HIV particles from infected cells, making it a potential target for preventing viral spread and reducing viral load in infected individuals.

CD317 has also been studied for its potential role in cancer therapy. It has been found to be downregulated in several types of cancer, and its overexpression has been shown to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. This makes it a potential target for developing novel cancer treatments.

Conclusion

In summary, CD317 is a unique and versatile protein that plays a crucial role in the immune response against viral infections. Its structure, activity, and potential applications make it an important target for drug development in the fields of antiviral and cancer therapy. Further research on this protein may lead to the development of novel treatments for various diseases.