Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein, N-His

Description of Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein, N-His

Title: Introduction to Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein

Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein, also known as X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 4, is a highly conserved protein that plays a crucial role in DNA double-strand break repair. It is a key component of the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway, which is one of the major mechanisms for repairing DNA damage in mammalian cells. In this article, we will explore the structure, activity, and applications of Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein.

Structure of Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein

The human XRCC4 gene is located on chromosome 5 and encodes a 336 amino acid protein. The protein consists of a globular N-terminal domain and a coiled-coil C-terminal domain. The N-terminal domain is responsible for interacting with other proteins involved in DNA repair, while the C-terminal domain is essential for the formation of XRCC4 dimers. These dimers are crucial for the stability and function of XRCC4 in the NHEJ pathway.

Activity of Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein

Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein is involved in the final ligation step of the NHEJ pathway, which repairs DNA double-strand breaks. When a double-strand break occurs, XRCC4 forms a complex with another protein, DNA ligase IV, to seal the broken ends of DNA. This process is essential for maintaining genome stability and preventing the accumulation of mutations that can lead to diseases such as cancer.

In addition to its role in DNA repair, XRCC4 also plays a role in V(D)J recombination, a process that generates diversity in the immune system by rearranging the genes that code for antibodies and T-cell receptors. XRCC4 interacts with other proteins involved in this process, such as RAG1 and RAG2, to ensure the proper joining of gene segments and the production of functional immune cells.

Applications of Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein

Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein has various applications in both research and clinical settings. It is commonly used in studies to understand the mechanisms of DNA repair and the role of XRCC4 in maintaining genome stability. It can also be used to investigate the effects of mutations in the XRCC4 gene and their impact on DNA repair processes.

In the clinical setting, XRCC4 protein can be used as an antigen in immunoassays to detect the presence of anti-XRCC4 antibodies in patients with autoimmune diseases or cancer. These antibodies have been shown to be associated with certain autoimmune disorders and can serve as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and monitoring.

Moreover, Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein has potential therapeutic applications. It has been shown to enhance the efficiency of gene targeting in gene therapy, making it a promising tool for treating genetic disorders. Additionally, XRCC4 inhibitors have been developed as potential anti-cancer agents, as they can sensitize cancer cells to radiation therapy by inhibiting the repair of DNA damage.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein is a crucial component of the NHEJ pathway and plays a significant role in maintaining genome stability. Its structure, activity, and various applications make it a valuable tool for understanding DNA repair processes and its potential therapeutic uses. Further research on XRCC4 and its interactions with other proteins involved in DNA repair will provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of genome maintenance and potential treatments for diseases related to DNA damage.