Recombinant Human P2RX7, N-His

Recombinant Human P2RX7: Structure, Activity, and Application

Introduction

Recombinant Human P2RX7, also known as the purinergic receptor P2X 7, is a protein that plays a crucial role in the immune response and inflammatory processes. It is a member of the P2X family of purinergic receptors, which are activated by extracellular ATP and are involved in various physiological and pathological processes.

Structure of Recombinant Human P2RX7

Recombinant Human P2RX7 is a 595 amino acid protein with a molecular weight of approximately 70 kDa. It is composed of two transmembrane domains, a large extracellular loop, and intracellular N- and C-termini. The extracellular loop contains the ATP binding site, while the intracellular domains are responsible for signal transduction.

The structure of Recombinant Human P2RX7 is highly conserved among different species, with 87% amino acid sequence identity between human and mouse P2RX7. This high level of conservation suggests the importance of this protein in biological processes.

Activity of Recombinant Human P2RX7

Recombinant Human P2RX7 is a ligand-gated ion channel, which means it can open and close in response to the binding of a specific ligand, in this case, ATP. Upon binding of ATP, the channel opens and allows the influx of cations, such as calcium and sodium, into the cell.

The activity of Recombinant Human P2RX7 is not limited to its role as an ion channel. It also has the ability to form large pores on the cell membrane, known as pore formation, which can lead to cell death. This process is important in the clearance of infected or damaged cells and is a critical mechanism in the immune response against pathogens.

Moreover, Recombinant Human P2RX7 is involved in the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β and interleukin-18, from immune cells. This activation of the immune response is essential for the body’s defense against infections and foreign substances.

Application of Recombinant Human P2RX7

Due to its crucial role in immune response and inflammation, Recombinant Human P2RX7 has been studied extensively and has potential applications in various fields, including drug discovery and development.

One of the main applications of Recombinant Human P2RX7 is in the development of novel therapeutics for inflammatory diseases. By targeting the activity of P2RX7, researchers aim to modulate the immune response and reduce inflammation. This approach has shown promising results in preclinical studies for conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease.

In addition, Recombinant Human P2RX7 has been used as an antigen in vaccine development. P2RX7 is highly expressed on the surface of immune cells, making it an attractive target for vaccine development against infectious diseases. Furthermore, P2RX7 has been shown to play a role in cancer progression, making it a potential target for cancer immunotherapy.

Overall, Recombinant Human P2RX7 is a crucial protein in the immune response and has potential applications in various fields. Further research and development of P2RX7-targeting therapeutics may lead to the development of novel treatments for inflammatory diseases and other conditions.