Recombinant Human CD277/BTN3A1 Protein, N-His

Description of Recombinant Human CD277/BTN3A1 Protein, N-His

Introduction

Recombinant Human CD277/BTN3A1 protein is a crucial member of the B7 family of immune checkpoint proteins. It is encoded by the BTN3A1 gene and is also known as BTF5 or CD277 antigen. This protein is primarily expressed on the surface of T cells and has been shown to play a key role in regulating immune responses. In this article, we will discuss the structure, activity, and applications of recombinant human CD277/BTN3A1 protein.

Structure of Recombinant Human CD277/BTN3A1 Protein

The recombinant human CD277/BTN3A1 protein is a transmembrane protein with a molecular weight of approximately 60 kDa. It is composed of a short intracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and an extracellular domain. The extracellular domain is further divided into an immunoglobulin variable (IgV)-like domain and a B30.2-like domain. The IgV-like domain is responsible for binding to ligands, while the B30.2-like domain is involved in dimerization and signal transduction.

Activity of Recombinant Human CD277/BTN3A1 Protein

The activity of recombinant human CD277/BTN3A1 protein is primarily mediated through its interaction with ligands. The most well-studied ligand of CD277 is the butyrophilin 3A1 (BTN3A1) protein, which is expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as dendritic cells and macrophages. Upon binding to BTN3A1, CD277 can activate T cells and modulate their immune responses. This activation is achieved through the induction of cytokine production, proliferation, and cytotoxicity in T cells.

In addition to its role in T cell activation, CD277 has also been shown to regulate the activity of other immune cells. It can inhibit the proliferation and cytokine production of natural killer (NK) cells and can also modulate the function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Furthermore, CD277 has been implicated in the regulation of immune responses in cancer and infectious diseases.

Applications of Recombinant Human CD277/BTN3A1 Protein

The unique structure and activity of recombinant human CD277/BTN3A1 protein make it a promising target for various applications in the field of immunotherapy. Some potential applications of this protein are discussed below:

1. Cancer Immunotherapy

CD277 has been found to be highly expressed on the surface of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in various types of cancer. This suggests that it may play a role in regulating immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, recombinant human CD277/BTN3A1 protein can be used to modulate TIL activity and enhance anti-tumor immune responses. It has also been shown to have potential as a target for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy in cancer treatment.

2. Infectious Diseases

CD277 has been shown to play a role in the immune response against various infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Recombinant human CD277/BTN3A1 protein can be used to boost immune responses against these pathogens and potentially aid in the development of vaccines.

3. Autoimmune Diseases

The activity of CD277 in regulating immune responses makes it a potential target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Recombinant human CD277/BTN3A1 protein can be used to modulate the function of T cells and other immune cells involved in autoimmune disorders, potentially leading to improved disease management.