Recombinant Human GGPS1 Protein, N-His

Description of Recombinant Human GGPS1 Protein, N-His

Introduction

Recombinant human GGPS1 protein is a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of isoprenoids, which are essential compounds for various cellular processes. This protein has been extensively studied due to its potential therapeutic and industrial applications. In this article, we will provide a detailed description of the structure, activity, and applications of recombinant human GGPS1 protein.

Structure of Recombinant Human GGPS1 Protein

The human GGPS1 gene encodes for a protein consisting of 353 amino acids with a molecular weight of approximately 40 kDa. The protein is composed of two distinct domains, the N-terminal domain and the C-terminal domain. The N-terminal domain contains the catalytic site, while the C-terminal domain is involved in protein-protein interactions.

The crystal structure of recombinant human GGPS1 protein has been determined, revealing a homodimeric structure with each monomer containing a central beta-sheet surrounded by alpha-helices. The active site of the enzyme is located at the interface of the two monomers, where the substrate binding and catalytic reactions take place.

Activity of Recombinant Human GGPS1 Protein

Recombinant human GGPS1 protein catalyzes the condensation of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) to form geranyl diphosphate (GPP), an essential precursor for the biosynthesis of isoprenoids. This reaction is a key step in the mevalonate pathway, which is responsible for the production of cholesterol, steroid hormones, and other important metabolites.

The activity of recombinant human GGPS1 protein has been extensively studied in vitro using various substrates and cofactors. It has been shown that the enzyme has a high specificity for IPP and DMAPP as substrates and requires divalent metal ions such as Mg2+ or Mn2+ for optimal activity. Mutagenesis studies have also revealed the critical amino acids involved in substrate binding and catalysis.

Applications of Recombinant Human GGPS1 Protein

Due to its role in the biosynthesis of isoprenoids, recombinant human GGPS1 protein has potential applications in both the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries.

One major application of this protein is in the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of diseases such as cancer and infectious diseases. Isoprenoids have been shown to play a crucial role in cell proliferation and survival, making GGPS1 an attractive target for drug development. Inhibitors of this enzyme have been shown to have anticancer and antiviral activities, and recombinant human GGPS1 protein can be used to screen and identify potential drug candidates.

In addition, recombinant human GGPS1 protein can also be used in the production of isoprenoids for various industrial applications. Isoprenoids have diverse functions, including flavor and fragrance compounds, vitamins, and antioxidants. By overexpressing GGPS1 in microbial or plant systems, large quantities of isoprenoids can be produced for commercial purposes.

Conclusion

In summary, recombinant human GGPS1 protein is a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of isoprenoids. Its structure and activity have been extensively studied, providing valuable insights into its function and potential applications. With its role in essential cellular processes and potential therapeutic and industrial applications, recombinant human GGPS1 protein continues to be a subject of interest for further research and development.