CD257 Recombinant Protein

General Information about CD257 Recombinant Protein

B-cell activating factor (BAFF), also known as member 13B of the tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily, is a protein encoded by the TNFSF13B gene in humans. BAFF is also known as B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), a leukocyte expression ligand (TALL-1) associated with TNF and APOL, and dendritic cell-derived TNF-like molecules (CD257 antigen; cluster of differentiation 257).
BAFF is a cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family of ligands. This cytokine is a combination of the TNFRSF13B / TACI, TNFRSF17 / BCMA and TNFRSF13C / BAFF-R receptors. This cytokine is expressed in Tmall B cells and acts as an effective activator of B cells. It has also been shown to play an important role in B cell proliferation and differentiation.
BAFF is a 285 amino acid long peptide glycoprotein, glycosylated at residue 124. It is expressed as a membrane-bound transmembrane type II protein in many cell types (including monocytes, dendritic cells, and spinal cord cells) . The transmembrane form can be cut from the membrane to produce soluble protein fragments. The steady-state concentration of BAFF depends on the expression of B cells and BAFF-binding receptors. BAFF is the natural ligand for three abnormal receptors for tumor necrosis factor, namely BAFF-R (BR3), TACI (transmembrane activator and calcium regulator, and linker with cyclophilin interacting agent)) and BCMA (antigen of B cell maturation), all have different binding affinities. For it. These receptors are expressed mainly in mature B lymphocytes, and their expression changes according to the maturation of the B cells (TACI is also found in part of T cells and BCMA of plasma cells). BAFF-R participates in the up-regulation of B cell development. TACI binds worst because it has a higher affinity for BAFF-like proteins (called proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL)). BCMA shows a medium phenotype and can be used with BAFF or APRIL to varying degrees. BAFF-R and BCMA signals stimulate B lymphocytes to proliferate and fight apoptosis. All these ligands act as homotrimers (that is, three in the same molecule) that interact with homotrimeric receptors, although BAFF is known to have heterologous or homotrimeric activity (depending on the primary structure of the protein is configured as 60-mer).